Temporal dynamics and persistence of resistance genes to broad spectrum antibiotics in an urban community

This study uses quantitative real-time PCR to analyze 123 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and 13 mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in wastewater from an urban community. Approximately 50% of tested ARG subtypes were consistently detected, with maximum abundance in winter months. Detected clinically significant genes and variants contribute to core/persistent resistance to β-lactam, aminoglycoside, tetracycline, and multidrug classes. This study provides valuable evidence to guide AMR control policies and promote responsible antibiotic/antimicrobial use.